Euskadi, or the Basque Country, is an autonomous community in northern Spain, bordered by France and the Bay of Biscay. It has a distinct cultural identity, language (Euskara), and a long history of independence and resilience.
Ancient Origins: The Basques are one of the oldest ethnic groups in Europe, with genetic and linguistic roots predating Indo-European migrations.
Middle Ages: The Basque people maintained a degree of autonomy while being part of the Kingdom of Navarre, later absorbed by Castile in the late Middle Ages.
Industrialization: The 19th and early 20th centuries saw rapid industrial growth in Bilbao and surrounding areas, making Euskadi an economic powerhouse.
Franco Dictatorship (1939-1975): Basque identity and language were suppressed under Francisco Franco’s rule.
Autonomy: After Franco’s death, the 1978 Spanish Constitution granted Euskadi autonomy, allowing the region to govern itself in many areas while remaining part of Spain.
Description
Euskadi consists of three provinces:
Bizkaia (Biscay): Home to Bilbao, a major cultural and economic hub.
Gipuzkoa: Famous for San Sebastián’s beaches and gastronomy.
Álava: Known for Vitoria-Gasteiz, the capital of the region, and its wine country in Rioja Alavesa.
The region is known for its stunning coastline, lush mountains, vibrant cities, and deep-rooted traditions.
Typical Food
Basque cuisine is among the best in the world, combining fresh seafood, quality meats, and unique flavors. Some must-try dishes include:
Pintxos: Small tapas-style bites served in bars.
Bacalao a la Vizcaína: Codfish in a red pepper and tomato sauce.
Marmitako: A Basque fisherman's stew made with tuna and potatoes.
Txangurro: Stuffed crab with onion, tomato, and brandy.
Chuletón de Buey: A massive bone-in steak grilled to perfection.
Gâteau Basque: A traditional Basque cake filled with cream or jam.
Txakoli: A slightly sparkling, dry white wine from the region.
Activities
Euskadi offers diverse experiences for travelers:
Cultural & Historical Sites
Guggenheim Museum (Bilbao): A world-renowned contemporary art museum.
San Juan de Gaztelugatxe: A dramatic island chapel featured in Game of Thrones.
Vitoria-Gasteiz Old Town: A medieval city center with beautiful squares and history.
Outdoor Adventures
Surfing in San Sebastián & Mundaka: Some of the best waves in Europe.
Hiking in the Pyrenees & Urkiola National Park: Stunning landscapes for nature lovers.
Exploring the Basque Coast: Visit charming fishing villages like Getaria and Bermeo.
Festivals & Traditions
Aste Nagusia (Bilbao’s Big Week): A lively festival in August with concerts and fireworks.
Tamborrada (San Sebastián): A 24-hour drum parade every January.
La Semana Grande (San Sebastián & Vitoria-Gasteiz): A week-long summer festival.
Wine & Gastronomy Tours
Rioja Alavesa Wine Region: Visit top wineries and taste the best Basque wines.
Michelin-star Restaurants: Euskadi has some of the highest concentrations of Michelin-starred restaurants in the world.